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SQL Server索引维护指导

作者: 王红波,  出处:IT专家网, 责任编辑: 李书琴, 
2008-04-15 09:48
  本文以笔者在实际工作中对SQL Server数据库中索引维护的思路和方法为导向,为大家介绍SQL Server索引维护相关的知识和方法。

  针对SQL Server 2005的通用维护过程

  (碎片小于30%的联机组织,碎片>=30%的脱机重建):

-- ensure a USE <databasename> statement has been executed first.
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @objectid int;
DECLARE @indexid int;
DECLARE @partitioncount bigint;
DECLARE @schemaname sysname;
DECLARE @objectname sysname;
DECLARE @indexname sysname;
DECLARE @partitionnum bigint;
DECLARE @partitions bigint;
DECLARE @frag float;
DECLARE @command varchar(8000);
-- ensure the temporary table does not exist
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sys.objects WHERE name = 'work_to_do')
    DROP TABLE work_to_do;
-- conditionally select from the function, converting object and index IDs to names.
SELECT
    object_id AS objectid,
    index_id AS indexid,
    partition_number AS partitionnum,
    avg_fragmentation_in_percent AS frag
INTO work_to_do
FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats (DB_ID(), NULL, NULL , NULL, 'LIMITED')
WHERE avg_fragmentation_in_percent > 10.0 AND index_id > 0;
-- Declare the cursor for the list of partitions to be processed.
DECLARE partitions CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM work_to_do;

-- Open the cursor.
OPEN partitions;

-- Loop through the partitions.
FETCH NEXT
   FROM partitions
   INTO @objectid, @indexid, @partitionnum, @frag;

WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
    BEGIN;
        SELECT @objectname = o.name, @schemaname = s.name
        FROM sys.objects AS o
        JOIN sys.schemas as s ON s.schema_id = o.schema_id
        WHERE o.object_id = @objectid;

        SELECT @indexname = name
        FROM sys.indexes
        WHERE  object_id = @objectid AND index_id = @indexid;

        SELECT @partitioncount = count (*)
        FROM sys.partitions
        WHERE object_id = @objectid AND index_id = @indexid;

-- 30 is an arbitrary decision point at which to switch between reorganizing and rebuilding
IF @frag < 30.0 and @frag>5
    BEGIN;
    SELECT @command = 'ALTER INDEX ' + @indexname + ' ON ' + @schemaname + '.' + @objectname + ' REORGANIZE';
    IF @partitioncount > 1
        SELECT @command = @command + ' PARTITION=' + CONVERT (CHAR, @partitionnum);
    EXEC (@command);
    END;

IF @frag >= 30.0
    BEGIN;
    SELECT @command = 'ALTER INDEX ' + @indexname +' ON ' + @schemaname + '.' + @objectname + ' REBUILD';
    IF @partitioncount > 1
        SELECT @command = @command + ' PARTITION=' + CONVERT (CHAR, @partitionnum);
    EXEC (@command);
    END;
PRINT 'Executed ' + @command;

FETCH NEXT FROM partitions INTO @objectid, @indexid, @partitionnum, @frag;
END;
-- Close and deallocate the cursor.
CLOSE partitions;
DEALLOCATE partitions;

-- drop the temporary table
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sys.objects WHERE name = 'work_to_do')
    DROP TABLE work_to_do;
GO

  总结

  索引的维护是有参考依据的,应该根据具体的碎片情况以及是否需要联机操作等需求,采用合理的维护方法。自动化的索引维护策略是可行的。

 

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